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| 1453 |
| | The Turks terrify Constantinople by lobbing vast stones at the city from a 19-ton bombard of cast iron | |
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| 1453 |
| | Constantinople falls to a 21-year-old Muslim conqueror, Mehmed II, bringing the Ottoman Turks their capital city | |
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| 1453 |
| | The Christian emperor Constantine XI dies in the fighting in Constantinople, as the Greek Byzantine empire yields to that of the Ottoman Turks | |
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| 1460 |
| | The Turks complete the occupation of Greece, which remains within the Ottoman empire until the nineteenth century | |
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| 1462 |
| | Mehmed II, conqueror of Constantinople, begins to build Topkapi Sarayi as his palace | |
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| c. 1480 |
| | The name of Constantinople changes to Istanbul, a word based on the everyday Greek name for the city | |
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